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Table 3 Frequency and percentages of positive UDS cases for drug type by jail characteristics and arrestee demographics

From: An investigation of drug use among first-time arrestees from 25 county jails across the United States in 2023

 

Drug Typea, b

Any Drug

(n = 32561)

Cannabis

(n = 22464)

Opiates

(n = 9632)

Sedatives

(n = 4029)

Stimulants

(n = 17850)

Variable

n

n

%

n

%

n

%

n

%

Jail Characteristics

Geographic Location

        

   West

13,176

8105

61.5

4510

34.2

1489

11.3

8293

62.9

   South

10,241

7424

72.5

2789

27.2

1506

14.7

5236

51.1

   Midwest

9144

6935

75.8

2333

25.5

1034

11.3

4321

47.3

Jail Size

         

   Medium-Large

4322

2655

61.4

1499

34.7

579

13.4

2767

64.0

   Large

15,027

10,487

69.8

4386

29.2

1653

11.0

8209

54.6

   Mega

13,212

9322

70.6

3747

28.4

1797

13.6

6874

52.0

Arrestee Demographics

Sex

         

   Male

20,645

14,502

70.2

6264

30.3

2406

11.7

11,499

55.7

   Female

11,916

7962

66.8

3368

28.3

1623

13.6

6351

53.3

Race

         

   White

17,745

10,694

60.3

6704

37.8

2636

14.9

11,724

66.1

   Black

10,917

9202

84.3

1829

16.8

831

7.6

3948

36.2

   Hispanic

127

76

59.8

33

26.0

20

15.7

69

54.3

   Asian

372

221

59.4

85

22.8

43

11.6

243

65.3

   Other

55

32

58.2

16

29.1

6

10.9

44

80.0

   Unknown

3345

2239

66.9

965

28.8

493

14.7

1822

54.5

Age Group

         

   Adolescent (age 15–19)

1399

1322

94.5

177

12.7

91

6.5

264

18.9

   Young Adult (age 20–39)

19,946

14,532

72.9

6091

30.5

2211

11.1

10,286

51.6

   Adult (age 40–59)

9905

5892

59.5

2982

30.1

1468

14.8

6556

66.2

   Senior (age 60 or older)

1311

718

54.8

382

29.1

259

19.8

744

56.8

  1. Note. Geographical location of jails coded according to the census regions of the U.S. Census Bureau 2020) (Northeast not represented). Jail size categories based on contracted bed capacity of a given facility: Medium-Large (250–499), Large (500–999), and Mega (≥ 1,000). Race Others include Indigenous, Hawaiian, and South Asian
  2. a Frequency of positive UDS results for each drug type
  3. b Drug Type percentages were calculated by dividing the number of UDS results positive for a given drug type by the total number of positive UDS results for each jail characteristic and arrestee demographic variable. For example, UDS result positive for Cannabis in the West was calculated using the following formula: \(\:\left(\frac{8105}{13176}\right)*100=61.5\)
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Addiction Science & Clinical Practice

ISSN: 1940-0640