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Table 4 Chi-square test of independence results testing associations between UDS results and jail characteristic or arrestee demographic

From: An investigation of drug use among first-time arrestees from 25 county jails across the United States in 2023

 

Percentage of Arrestees in a Given Group with a Positive UDS Result

Any Drug

Cannabis

Opiates

Sedatives

Stimulants

Jail Characteristics

Jail Location

     

   West

76.46*

61.51*

34.23*

11.30*

62.94*

   South

73.66

72.49*

27.23*

14.71*

51.13*

   Midwest

73.64

75.84*

25.51*

11.31*

47.26*

 

χ2(2) = 43.70

χ2(2) = 603.70

χ2(2) = 236.34

χ2(2) = 74.93

χ2(2) = 618.43

Jail Size

     

   Medium-Large

44.55*

61.43*

34.68*

13.40

64.02*

   Large

92.19*

69.79

29.19

11.00*

54.63

   Mega

75.27

70.56*

28.36*

13.60*

52.03*

 

χ2(2) = 7318.57

χ2(2) = 135.10

χ2(2) = 64.57

χ2(2) = 48.68

χ2(2) = 189.53

Arrestee Demographics

Sex

     

   Female

74.80

66.82*

28.26*

13.62*

53.30*

   Male

74.74

70.24*

30.34

11.65

55.70*

 

χ2(1) = 0.02, p =.896

χ2(1) = 41.47

χ2(1) = 15.65

χ2(1) = 26.94

χ2(1) = 17.58

Race

     

   White

78.12*

60.26*

37.78*

14.85*

66.07*

   Black

72.99*

84.29*

16.75*

7.61*

36.16*

   Hispanic

55.46*

59.84

25.98

15.75

54.33

   Asian

64.03*

59.41*

22.85*

11.56

65.32*

   Other

72.37

58.18

29.09

10.91

80.00*

   Unknown

66.71*

66.94

28.85

14.74*

54.47

 

χ2(5) = 413.09

χ2(5) = 1856.61

χ2(5) = 1444.67

χ2(5) = 347.97

χ2(5) = 2471.63

Age in Years

     

   Adolescent (age 15–19)

76.83

94.50*

12.65*

6.50*

18.87*

   Young Adult (age 20–39)

75.92*

72.86*

30.54*

11.08*

51.57*

   Adult (age 40–59)

74.01

59.49*

30.11

14.82*

66.19*

   Senior (age 60 or older)

63.12*

54.77*

29.14

19.76*

56.75

 

χ2(3) = 176.01

χ2(3) = 1107.06

χ2(3) = 202.67

χ2(3) = 195.60

χ2(3) = 1333.95

  1. Note. All chi-square test statistics significant at p <.001 unless otherwise note. Geographical location of jails coded according to the census regions of the U.S. Census Bureau 2020) (Northeast not represented). Jail size categories based on contracted bed capacity of a given facility: Medium-Large (250–499), Large (500–999), and Mega (≥ 1,000). Race Others include: Indigenous, Hawaiian, and South Asian
  2. *Difference in proportions significant at p <.05 based on standardized residual
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Addiction Science & Clinical Practice

ISSN: 1940-0640